📈 Vertical Scaling (Scale Up)
Adding resources (CPU, RAM, SSDs) to the same single server node.
- Pros: Simple setup; no code alterations required.
- Cons: Hardware capacity ceiling & SPOF risk.
🌐 Horizontal Scaling (Scale Out)
Adding more server instances and distributing incoming traffic using a Load Balancer.
- Pros: Infinite horizontal growth & zero downtime availability.
- Cons: Complex state sync & network management.